Panic disorder is a type of anxiety condition marked by sudden and repeated panic attacks. This article explores the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options available to Australians seeking support.
Panic disorder is a relatively common yet often misunderstood mental health condition affecting many Australians. It involves recurrent, unexpected panic attacks, sudden surges of intense fear or discomfort that peak within minutes. While occasional anxiety is a natural part of life, panic disorder represents a more severe form of anxiety that can significantly impair a person’s quality of life if left unaddressed. Recognising the symptoms and understanding available treatments is essential for individuals and families navigating this condition.
Understanding Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder
A panic attack can occur without warning and without any obvious trigger. It is typically marked by symptoms such as a racing heart, shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, sweating, and an overwhelming sense of impending doom or loss of control. For those with panic disorder, the fear of experiencing another attack often becomes a concern in itself, leading to avoidance behaviours and, in some cases, agoraphobia—a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult.
Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, are among the most prevalent mental health conditions in Australia, affecting a significant proportion of the population annually.
Diagnosis and Differentiation
A clinical diagnosis of panic disorder involves more than a single panic attack. Diagnosis typically requires a detailed assessment by a qualified mental health professional, taking into account the frequency and impact of attacks, as well as any underlying medical conditions that might mimic panic symptoms.
Causes and Risk Factors
While the exact cause of panic disorder is not fully understood, a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors is thought to contribute. These may include:
- A family history of anxiety or panic disorders
- A personal history of trauma or prolonged stress
- Certain medical conditions or substance use
- Cognitive patterns such as catastrophic thinking
Treatment Options
Effective, evidence-based treatments for panic disorder are available and can significantly improve outcomes. Treatment is typically tailored to the individual’s needs and may involve psychological therapies.
1. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
CBT is one key treatment for panic disorder. It helps individuals identify and challenge unhelpful thoughts and behaviours that contribute to panic attacks. Techniques such as interoceptive exposure (gradual exposure to feared bodily sensations) can reduce sensitivity to panic symptoms over time.
2. Psychoeducation and Lifestyle Adjustments
Education about the nature of panic disorder can itself be therapeutic. Understanding that panic attacks, while distressing, are not life-threatening, can alleviate secondary fears. Lifestyle changes such as regular physical activity, reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, practising mindfulness or breathing techniques, and maintaining a regular sleep routine can support overall mental wellbeing.
The Importance of Early Intervention
Panic disorder can lead to social isolation, employment difficulties, and comorbid conditions such as depression if left untreated. Early identification and intervention are vital in preventing the condition from becoming chronic. Encouragingly, most people respond well to treatment when they receive appropriate care.
If you or someone you care about is experiencing symptoms of panic disorder, it’s important to seek professional support. At Strategic Psychology, our team of registered psychologists in Canberra provides tailored, evidence-based therapy in a compassionate environment.
What to Expect in Therapy
A therapeutic process for panic disorder begins with a comprehensive assessment, where the psychologist explores your symptoms, history, and treatment goals. Treatment plans are developed collaboratively, ensuring that your values, preferences, and experiences are respected.
Sessions may include learning new skills to manage anxiety, gradually confronting feared situations, and tracking progress over time. Therapy is not a one-size-fits-all solution; instead, it’s a dynamic process designed to empower individuals in regaining control over their lives.
Myths and Misconceptions
Several myths surround panic attacks and panic disorder. For instance, some people believe that panic attacks are simply a sign of weakness or that they can be stopped by sheer willpower. In reality, panic disorder is a legitimate health condition, often involving complex factors.
Conclusion
Panic disorder can be an overwhelming and isolating condition, but it is also highly treatable. Recognising the signs and seeking timely, evidence-based support is crucial. With appropriate care, individuals living with panic disorder can experience significant improvement and regain confidence in their daily lives.
If you’re concerned about panic attacks or symptoms of panic disorder, don’t hesitate to reach out to Strategic Psychology to find out more about getting support.
References
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Mental health services in Australia, retrieved from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/mental-health/overview/mental-health-services (accessed 10 May 2025).
- Australian Psychological Society (APS), Anxiety disorders, retrieved from: https://psychology.org.au/for-the-public/psychology-topics/anxiety/anxiety-disorders (accessed 10 May 2025).
- Black Dog Institute, Signs & symptoms of anxiety, retrieved from: https://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/resources-support/anxiety/signs/ (accessed 10 May 2025).
- Beyond Blue, Anxiety, retrieved from: https://www.beyondblue.org.au/mental-health/anxiety (accessed 10 May 2025).
- Centre for Clinical Interventions (CCI), Panic Disorder Self-Help Resources, retrieved from: https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/Resources/Looking-After-Yourself/Panic (accessed 10 May 2025).